The Fight For Equal Rights, Especially For Women, Has Never

The fight for equal rights, especially for women, has never been stronger than it is in 2017. Just a few weeks ago women across the country staged a march on Washington D.C. called â€Å"The Women’s March on Washington†. This march wasn’t limited to just Washington, as 5 million participants marched in places such as New York, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles and Seattle to express their disapproval with recently elected President Trump. This movement was the largest single-day demonstration is U.S. history but it would have never been possible without the fearlessness and determination of the women that marched nearly a hundred years before them. Without the original Women’s Rights Movement, Alice Paul and Carrie Chapman Catt, women would not have†¦show more content†¦The end product of this convention was a signed petition compiled of 32 men and 68 women all supporting women’s rights. This convention got the ball rolling and got women motivat ed and excited for what was to come in the future. Around 1890 two of the most influential women’s rights groups in the National Women’s Suffrage Association and the American Women’s Suffrage Association, combined to become one organization called National Women’s Association (NAWSA). The NAWSA attracted many women from all over to help contribute to its cause to gain equality for women, but it took a giant step forward with the addition of University of Pennsylvania student Alice Paul. The film â€Å"Iron Jawed Angels† depicts the encounter of Alice Paul and the NAWSA president Carrie Chapman Catta and shows us the differences the two had in their ideas. Paul expressed her idea of fighting for constitutional amendment while Carrie and the elder activists of the group supported a state-by-state campaign. Alice also expresses her thoughts about gaining more public attention for women’s suffrage and purposes the activists seek more creative me ans such as a parade during the inauguration of President Woodrow Wilson. While Alice thought this was a great and innovative idea, the elder activists feared that the parade would do nothing but set their movement back as they felt it would reduceShow MoreRelatedFeminism : A Feminist Movement1553 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough it is now 2015, women still must put up a fight for equality. Males and females are constantly being compared in society. Especially at work, whether it is by earning less, or being subjected to an unfavorable environment, women are still seen as inferior to men, even if it is not directly portrayed. This is a problem that has been ongoing since time began, movements for women to gain equality have been occurring for nearly two centuries. 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Mass Media Manipulation Negatively Affects African...

Since the early 2000’s we have seen the rise and power of the mass media. However what most people fail to realize are how mass media manipulation negatively affects African American athletes on all levels. When dissecting this situation there are several key things to understand. America is a country that was born out of racism and is still being controlled to this day by racism. So naturally every institution that is run by racist such as the NBA, NCAA, NFL, the Supreme Court, major banking companies or the media. Within every racist institution there is a natural plan built in for blacks to fail. While on one hand there is a plan for most blacks to fail on the other hand there are plans set up to capitalize off our talent on every†¦show more content†¦Physical matureness by and large cause a normal growth in strength, quickness, and size which are significant traits for sport success but the only thing youth sports reveal to us is that some players are maturing m ore rapidly than others. At the youth level being bigger, stronger, and faster are typically all that is required to stand out in a group of less prepared underdeveloped athletes. But it is not a pure marker in terms of who is really the most gifted At more mature ages skill and accomplishments are closely related, but at the young sport level such a relationship is untimely since achievement gains are dependent on more than just changing physical attributes. Victory in youth sport is comparative to whoever is on the team or field; therefore accomplished adolescents are distinguished in relation to others they are competing with and not against some universal test. Few of these players may be more accomplished between their Slower maturing mates but it doesn t maintain that they are also more gifted. In any event, we have an inclination to glorify a youthful competitor s ability by naming him as super talented when the pure argument is that he s really just maturing faster then his peers. The next terrible thing plaguing black males athletes is the illusion of pro success. Due to the overexposure of professional athletes and chance to hit it big. As well as over praise for these professionals make young males aspire to do nothing other then become

Use and Implementing Total Quality Management

Question: Describe about A report on the best method smart pack limited intends to use in implementing total quality management.. Answer: Introduction With increased competition, companies have to adopt new ways of remaining profitable. Reducing operational costs, increasing customer satisfaction and improving the performance of products in the market are some of the sure ways of remaining competitive in the long term. Recent studies have suggested that all these can be achieved by adopting Total Quality Management (TQM). Different academia has provided different definitions to TQM. According to Dale, TQM is an organisational management approach that encourages the participation of all its members in attaining quality for the long term success of the organisation through customer satisfaction and benefits to all members of the organization and to society. Quality can be defined as the ability of the product to effectively meet the requirements and expectations of the consumer. With all benefits that different studies have related with adoption of TQM, many small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have not embraced it as compared to other large organizations. This can be attributed to different factors such as financial constraints, negative attitude towards quality culture and uncommitted management. This report thus aims to present a cost effective framework for the implementation of TQM at Smart Pack Limited. Benefits of TQM to SMEs Just like with large companies, in order to remain competitive, SMEs need to urgently adopt TQM (Alaheldin 2009). Some of the benefits Smart Pack Limited should expect from adoption of TQM are, Product quality and customer satisfaction. TQM will enable Smart Pack to improve the quality of its products due to its insistence on adoption of quality procedures and practices (Hung, et al 2011). This will further enhance product performance and acceptance and lead to customer satisfaction. Increase in profits due to cost reduction and increased sales. TQM will enable Smart Pack to continually examine processes to remove non- productive and repeated activities thus cutting operational costs (Goh 2000). Quality of the products will also increase leading to an increase in sales. Compliance with set regulations. Adoption of TQM will enable Smart Pack to easily comply with the set regulations regarding issues such as environmental requirements and health and safety issues since they are all incorporated. Competitive advantage. With the new technology, foreign and new companies have entered the Australian market increasing competition to levels never seen before. One way to ensure Smart Pack will outdo its competitors is through ensuring customer satisfaction is at the centre of all activities. Nothing does this well than TQM (Ilkay Aslan 2012). Leads to beneficial partnerships with other established companies. Many large and established companies are successful as a result of TQM (Valmohammady 2011). They therefore wish to only partner with other organisations that have done the same to ensure their product quality is maintained at all times. Just like with LEGO, TQM will provide more opportunities for Smart Pack to partner with other established companies. Ensure future survival. Many SMEs in Australia dont remain in operation for long due to lack of planning for the future. TQM advocates for monitoring and continual improvement (International Organisation for Standardisation 2014). Its implementation will ensure Smart Packs survival into the future. Employee participation. TQM advocates for teamwork and participation. Smart Pack will thus benefit from the employees ideas. Principles of TQM Due to the expansive nature of the TQM concept, there are numerous principles and practices advocated for by different professionals. Demings approach to TQM stresses the need to continuously work towards the improvement of processes and practices which will lead to improvement in products and services quality which are essential in customer satisfaction and company survival. He bases his argument on PDCA strategy. The management takes centre stage in this approach by providing leadership and creating and communicating strategies, policies and objectives necessary for the achievement of the ultimate goal (Deming 1986). Ishikawas approach to TQM advocates for total employee commitment in implementation of TQM. He believed that quality management was not only about the products but also other important factors like after sale services and the quality of the workforce, leadership and the firm involved (Ishikawa 1985). He too stressed the need for education in achieving quality. Another TQM approach is Feiganbaums, who stressed on the adoption of a systems approach to quality by integrating people, machines and information. He stated that the process starts with the identification of consumer needs and goes through different activities like manufacturing, assembling, marketing and transportation until the point where it reaches the consumer and the consumer is satisfied (Feigenbaum 1991). He identified technological and human issues as the two major determinants of quality. Crosbys approach identifies knowledge and attention deficiencies as the major causes of mistakes that lead to low quality. He further identifies education and training as the best methods of eliminating education deficiency and personal commitment as the answer to lack of commitment (Crosby 1979). This approach advocates for the use of the zero defects concept in quality management. Another popular TQM approach is the Jurans approach popularly known as Jurans trilogy. In (Juran Gryna 1993), customer and employee satisfaction, reduced costs and increased revenues are identified as the ultimate goals of TQM. He believed that a lot of quality deficiencies are as a result of failures on the part of management and therefore stressed on the need of commitment by mangers. He also advocated for teamwork as a way of attaining quality because it required all activities of the organisation. After studying albeit briefly various approaches presented by these scholars together with others not discussed like Shewhart and Taguchi, some of the important principles that Smart Pack ltd will put into consideration when adopting TQM are, Focus on customer. All the five approaches agree that at the end of the whole process, there is the customer. Quality can only be achieved when there is some level of satisfaction by the customer. Focus should therefore be on the customer and not the company. Needs of the customers will be studied and used as the frame work for deciding product quality. Continuous improvement. With TQM there is no stopping because need change every day. For Smart Pack to remain in business and be competitive going into the future research and monitoring will need to continuously be done to identify areas that need improvement and activities that need to be stopped as they no longer bring value to the organisation. Participation and team work. Quality involves all activities of the firm and therefore all employees views will be taken. Proper communication channels established to allow for two-way communication between the employees and the management. Zero defect. Prevention should be used to reduce low quality rather than detecting it at the end. Activities aimed at encouraging and motivating employees to prevent defects will be carried out. Management commitment. TQM can only succeed if the management is committed to it. The management will need to provide leadership and resources necessary (Zacharia 2011). Further, they will formulate and communicate to employees the organisational policies regarding quality. Reasons for TQM failure in some SMEs Proper implementation of TQM has many benefits as already discussed, yet some SMEs are unable to enjoy such benefits like their larger counterparts (Done et al 2011). Although some challenges are difficult to avoid like SMEs inadequate finances, most are purely controllable (Abdullah 2010). Smart Pack Ltd will try to avoid the mistakes that most of these firms commit leading to failure. Some of the reasons for failure include, Lack of management commitment. For TQM to succeed at Smart Pack, the senior management will need to be committed by providing leadership and other necessary resources like finances. They will further be required to develop organisational quality policies and goals and communicate them to employees. Improper implementation planning. Proper and earlier planning for smooth running of activities will be necessary to ensure activities important activities like training do not collide with other equally important organisational activities. Resistance to change. Sometimes TQM fail due to the employees tendency to reject new ways of doing things. Proper education and training will be provided to ensure the employees understand the benefits of the changes being made. Lack of genuine organisational quality culture and leadership styles (Idris 2011). Once Smart Pack start implementing TQM, there will be need for a genuine quality culture to be encouraged within the organisation. Actions which prove commitment to quality should be visible. It should not be used only as a PR strategy. Inadequate training and motivation of the workforce. Unmotivated and uneducated workforce will not embrace the new methods and processes brought by TQM. Employees will need to be trained more on these new ways. TQM implementation process PDCA cycle developed by Shewhart can be used to give a general overview of activities undertaken in the implementation and maintenance of TQM. At planning level objectives are set, measurement system and a general plan of attaining the set goals are established. Implementation is planned and undertaken on pilot basis The results of the implementation are compared with the set objectives and any gaps recorded. Identify the source of the gaps. Corrective actions are taken to eliminate the gaps and PDCA cycle is repeated. Due to the limited resources available in terms of money and man-power, a cost effective framework will be adopted in the implementation process. The CEO will announce the plan to implement TQM in the organisation and try to explain its benefits to employees. The CEO will also give an overview of what is expected from employees during the implementation process. Selection of a consultant The consultant is going to guide the company throughout the implementation process and they directly affect the success of the TQM. Issues like qualification and independence should be considered. Strategic planning The company will plan how the implementation is going to happen. At this stage, vision statement, mission statement and a quality policy will be set. GAP analysis It is important in TQM implementation as it shows the management where they are and where they want to be (Nair Ramachandran 2013). GAP analysis will involve activities like customer and employee surveys. This will be important in knowing their views on the company and its products. Survey questionnaires will be provided with a variety of questions covering different areas like employee motivation. This will take a period of between 2 weeks to 1 month to allow customers time to respond. Conduct trainings TQM trainings will be done by a professional and all employees will participate. This is important in educating them on its importance and their role in the implementation process. Due to the size of Smart Pack limited; the trainings will not take long. Most of the employees will be trained at the same time. Senior management will be trained first followed by middle level managers and then other employees will be trained. This will take approximately 10days. Documentation stage. Documentation and validation of processes and activities is carried out. According to Besterfield et al (2011) documentation covers four major areas, Policy document which is also called policy manual is a short description of the organisations quality intentions (Idris 2011). Policy procedures document which shows how the organisational policies will be implemented, by who and at what time. Work instructions document which details how each particular work will be done. It also gives the time frame and assigns responsibilities. Records documentation. Records are data from previous processes and activities like meetings that are kept for traceability purposes. It allows a product defect to be traced back to the specific point where the defect occurred. Documentation process will take approximately 3 days and will be assisted by the expert. Guided internal audits An internal audit on the system will be carried out by the quality committee, guided by the expert and an audit report prepared. The report should contain genuine findings. Management review. The senior management will then meet and go through the audit findings. The recommendations of the report will then be acted upon. If need be the TQM professional will again be sought to assist in implementation of the recommendations. External audit. After TQM has been implemented to completion, an independent external TQM auditor will again be invited to audit the system. Note that the auditor will not be the one who was sought in the implementation process to avoid bias. Corrective action Any issues still existing will be solved at this stage. Note that there are other stages that are normally done but due to the size of the firm, this process will be used. It will help reduce cost and time. Implementation does not stop at this point. Regular audits will always be carried out to identify any gaps and corrective measures taken. Measuring TQM success Once TQM has been successfully implemented at Smart Pack limited, some positive changes will be observed. Some of these changes are observable while others are measurable and they include, Conduct survey on customer satisfaction. A survey will be initiated to measure the level of customer satisfaction with the products after the implementation of TQM. The survey should not be conducted immediately after the implementation. Customers should be allowed to feel the difference themselves. Successful implementation should show an increase in the level of satisfaction. Accreditation to other quality standards. Other standards that deal with quality like the ISO 9001/2008 Quality Management System (QMS) have almost similar implementation method to TQM. Successful implementation of TQM will therefore lead to accreditation to these standards too. Better communication between the management and the junior employees. Successful implementation of TQM will change the direction of information flow. Communication will not only be about giving instructions from the top to bottom but it will also involve receiving ideas from the bottom to the top. Documentation of all processes. The ability to trace products back to different stages of production is an indicator of TQM success. So is the existence of observable written processes and procedures of doing different activities and clearly spelt out responsibilities. Visible quality policies. A quality policy will be formulated and displayed in strategic points within the organisation for the employees to familiarise themselves with it. Some of the places may include company brochures, at the back of staff badges, on a big sign board at the gate, etc. Employee motivation and participation. An employee survey will be conducted to measure their level of participation and motivation after the implementation of TQM. A questionnaire will be provided to ensure that the survey remains confidential and the identity of the employee is not revealed to allow them give genuine answers. An improvement in level of motivation and participation after implementation will be an indicator of TQMs success. Conclusion Smart pack Ltd needs to adopt this cost effective frame work to fully benefit from TQM without having to spend huge sums of money. Most SMEs have stated inadequate funding as the major reason for not implementing it. Many reports also list only large companies when giving success stories regarding TQM. This has brought out the idea that it is suited for the big firms only. This is far from the truth as quality should be the core of any organisations existence regardless of the size. Quality attracts more customers and therefore this is one sure way of remaining competitive even with the increase in competition from foreign firms. References. Abdullah, A, 2010, 'Measuring TQM implementation: a case study of Malaysian SMEs', Measuring Business Excellence, vol.14, no.3, pp. 3-15. Alaheldin, I, 2009, 'Critical success factors for TQM implementation and their impact on performance of SMEs', International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, vol.58, no.3, pp. 215237. Besterfield, H et al 2011, Total Quality Management, Pearson Education, India. Crosby, B 1979, Quality is free, New American Library, New York. Douglas, T J. Judge, W Q, 2001, 'Total Quality Management implementation and competitive advantage: The role structural control and exploration', Academy of Management Journal, vol.44, no.1, pp. 158-169. Feigenbaum, V 1991, Total Quality control engineering and management,McGraw-Hill, New York. Goetsch, L Stanley, D 1995, Implementing Total Quality, Prentice-Hall,Upper Saddle River, New York. Goh, L 2000, The implementation of Total Quality Management in small and medium enterprises, Ibberson Centre, Sheffield. Hung, R Y et al, 2011, 'Impact of TQM and organizational learning on innovation performance in the high-tech industry', International Business Review, vol.20, no.2, pp. 213-225. Idris, F, 2011, 'Total Quality Management (TQM) and sustainable company performance: Examining the relationship in Malaysia', International Journal of Business and Society, vol.12, no.1, pp. 3152. Ilkay, M S Aslan, E, 2012, 'The effect of the ISO 9001 quality management system on the performance of SMEs', International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, vol.29, no.7, pp. 753778. International Organisartion for Standardisation 2014, 10 good things for SMEs, ISO Central Secretariat, Geneva. Ishikawa, K 1985, What is total quality control? The Japanese way, Prentice-Hall, N.J. Juran, J M 1986, The quality trilogy, Quality Progress no.10. s.l.:s.n. Nair, S Ramachandran, A, 2013, 'Gap analysis for implementing TQM in seafood exporting firms', International Journal of Management, vol.4, no.4. Tahir, P R, Mohamad, M R Hasan, D B, 2011, 'A short review of factors leading to success of small medium enterprises', Journal of Contemporary Research on Business, pp. 519-529. Valmohammady, C, 2011, 'The impact of TQM implementation on the organizational performance of Iranian manufacturing SMEs', The TQM Journal, vol.23, no.5, pp. 496509. Zacharia, N, 2011, 'Investigating the role of human resources management practices on performance of SMEs: A conceptual framework', Journal of Global Management, vol.3, no.1, pp. 74-92.

Relational Overview of America and Chinese Economies

Introduction Market economy is characterized by free movement of goods and services. The market involves price determination by laws of supply and demand without interference from the government. In contrast, a socialist market does not allow the market to dictate prices.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Relational Overview of America and Chinese Economies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Prices in a socialist market are set by external forces, such as government. For example, through monopolization of factors of production by the Chinese government, the prices of commodities are centrally determined. The current essay is an attempt to look at the relationships between the US and China regarding their trade and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). The essay will also contrast their types of markets and look at quality control issues China is facing in exporting commodities to the US. Trade Relationship Betwee n US and China The United States has a low saving rate that has resulted in frequent deficits in federal budgets and shortage of domestic investment funds. To bridge these gaps, the United States has to borrow from countries with high saving rates such as China. In 2009, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) ranked US as the global leader in foreign capital importation with a global total of 38.2 percent. China was also ranked first among foreign capital exporters with a global total of 24.2 percent. The difference in saving rates has encouraged trade between US and China as the former tries to reduce domestic deficit, and the latter tries to invest the surplus. However, balance of trade is tilted to the favour of China (Morrison and Labonte 1; Schnabil and McKinnon 1). Difference Between US Market Economy and China’s Socialist Market The People’s Republic of China (PRC) practises a type of market known as â€Å"Market Socialism†. This type of market is characte rized by ownership of means of production by the communist party or the state. The United States, on the other hand, practices a democratic market or what has come to be known as â€Å"free market†.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Although the PRC has been trying to decentralize its economy and move towards capitalistic economy, much of its assets are still under the control of the state. The PRC has a strong influence on the currency as it still maintains total control of Commercial Banks. Huang (118) asserts that in 1995 China forced private companies like Urban Credit Cooperatives (UCC) to surrender a bulk of shares to the municipal governments. Although both the United States and China have invested heavily in each other’s economies, the balance of trade favours China. Between 2003 and 2009, the US capital provided 29.0 percent of foreign direct in vestment (FDI) in China. However, the investment of People’s Republic of China (PRC) in the United States has been substantially smaller. For example, during the same period (2003-2009), PRC contributed to less than one percent of US inflows. Comparatively, the average total foreign investment between the two countries has been $ 84 billion per year in the United States and $ 91 billion per year in China indicating a US trade deficit (Hufbauer and Woollacott 3). China has adopted an economic policy that enables it to intervene in currency markets and limit its appreciation against the dollar (and other currencies). This has made it not only the world largest holder of foreign exchange, but also the fastest growing holder. As of June 2011, China was holding $ 3.2 trillion. China recycles some of this money back to the U.S. through investing in U.S. shares and long-term treasury bills (T-Bills). Why China Is Keeping the US Dollar in its reserves The major reasons as to why Chin a is keeping the US dollar in its reserves is to prevent the China’s currency (renminbi) from appreciating against the dollar, and thus they have to purchase more and more dollars. Consequently, China’s foreign exchange reserve as of June 2011 grew to a staggering amount of $ 3.2 trillion (Morrison and Labonte 4).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Relational Overview of America and Chinese Economies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Quality control issues faced by China in exporting materials to the US: Corporation or Chinese problem? The US has adopted stringent quality control measures against goods imported from China because it believes that China could be exporting some inferior goods to the US market, and thus turning the US market into a dumping site for low quality products. Conclusion The saving rate differences between the US and China has spurred trade between the two nations. Beca use of the low saving rate in US, its economy is dependent on nations like China, which has high saving rates. However, the balance of trade is tilted towards China. China has a trade surplus and thus exports this surplus to US in form of foreign direct investments (FDI). The Chinese government has amassed large US dollar in its reserves so as to prevent the currency (renminbi) from appreciating against the dollar. Although China and United States are trading partners, their markets are quite different. The use practises a market economy while China’s market is socialistic. The latter dictates prices while the former is a free market where prices are determined through laws of demand and supply. Despite their cooperation in trade, the United States and China are engaged in occasional trade in regards to quality of goods. The United States accuses China of turning its market into a dumping site of low quality goods. Works cited Huang, Yasheng. Selling China: Foreign Direct Inv estment during the Reform Era, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Print. Hufbauer, Gary, and Jared Woollacott 2010, Trade Disputes Between China and the United States: Growing Pains so Far, Worse Ahead? PDF file. 6 Dec. 2012. https://piie.com/publications/wp/wp10-17.pdf.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Morrison, Wayne, and Marc Labonte. China’s Holdings of U.S. Securities: Implications for the U.S. Economy, Washington DC: Congressional Research Service, 2011. Print. Schnabl, Gunther, and Ronald McKinnon. â€Å"China and Its Dollar Exchange Rate: A Worldwide Stabilising Influence?† The World Economy 35.1 (2012): 1-27. Print. This research paper on Relational Overview of America and Chinese Economies was written and submitted by user Alaya Bruce to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.